Clinical Sports Medicine (2nd Ed)

by Brukner, Peter; Khan, Karim

Edition: 2nd

ISBN13: 9780074706510

ISBN10: 0074706519

Format: Hardcover

Pub. Date: 2000-07-01

Publisher(s): MCGRAW HILL PUBL CO

Upgraded Edition: Click here!

Other versions by this Author

List Price: ~~$69.95~~

Rent Textbook

Select for Price

Add to Cart

There was a problem. Please try again later.

New Textbook

We're Sorry
Sold Out

Used Textbook

We're Sorry
Sold Out

eTextbook

We're Sorry
Not Available

Buy from our Marketplace starting at $45.68

Summary

Clinical Sports Medicine is a complete practical guide to sports medicine, covering all aspects of diagnosis and management of sports-related injuries. It adopts an easy-to-use, symptom-oriented approach and uses multidisciplinary methods of treatment that are applicable to a variety of disciplines-physiotherapists, masseurs, podiatrists, orthopaedic surgeons, chiropractors and general practitioners, as well as sports medicine practitioners. It is also important reading for sports trainers and coaches and students of sports-related subjects.

Author Biography

Peter Brukner, MB BS, DRCOG, FACSM, FACSP, FASMF, is Associate Professor in Sports Medicine at the Centre for Sports Medicine Research and Education at the University of Melbourne, Australia, and was an Australian Team Physician at the Olympic Games in Atlanta, 1996 and Sydney, 2000 Karim Khan, MD, PhD, FACSP, FSMA, FACSP, FSMA, FACSM, Dip Sport Med, is Assistant Professor at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada and Consultant at the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre, and was a Sports Physician at the Olympic Games, Sydney, 2000

Foreword to the first edition	p. v
Preface	p. xxiii
Acknowledgments	p. xxv
The authors	p. xxvi
The contributors	p. xxviii
Fundamental principles	p. 1
Sports medicine: the team approach	p. 3
The sports medicine team	p. 3
The challenges of management	p. 5
The coach, the athlete and the clinician	p. 7
Love thy sport	p. 7
Sports injuries	p. 9
Acute injuries	p. 9
Overuse injuries	p. 17
But it's not that simple...	p. 27
Pain: where is it coming from?	p. 30
Pain-producing structures	p. 30
Referred pain	p. 33
Conclusion	p. 35
Beware: conditions masquerading as sports injuries	p. 36
How to recognize a condition masquerading as a sports injury	p. 36
Conditions masquerading as sports injuries	p. 36
Biomechanics of common sporting injuries	p. 43
Correct biomechanics	p. 43
Lower limb biomechanics	p. 45
Biomechanics of walking	p. 48
Biomechanics of running	p. 51
Abnormal lower limb biomechanics	p. 53
Common structural abnormalities	p. 55
Assessment of lower limb biomechanics	p. 59
Correction of biomechanics	p. 59
Upper limb biomechanics	p. 66
Biomechanics of swimming	p. 73
Biomechanics of tennis	p. 73
Biomechanics of other overhead sports	p. 74
Biomechanics of cycling	p. 75
Principles of injury prevention	p. 84
Warm-up	p. 84
Stretching	p. 85
Taping and bracing	p. 86
Protective equipment	p. 91
Suitable equipment	p. 91
Appropriate surfaces	p. 95
Appropriate training	p. 96
Adequate recovery	p. 102
Psychology and injury prevention	p. 105
Nutrition and injury prevention	p. 106
Principles of diagnosis	p. 109
Making a diagnosis	p. 109
History	p. 110
Examination	p. 112
Investigations	p. 120
Radiological investigation	p. 122
The diagnosis	p. 126
Principles of treatment	p. 127
Initial treatment	p. 127
To mobilize or immobilize?	p. 128
Therapeutic drugs	p. 129
Heat and cold	p. 134
Electrotherapeutic modalities	p. 139
Manual therapy	p. 143
Acupuncture	p. 154
Dry needling	p. 155
Hyperbaric oxygen	p. 155
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy	p. 155
Surgery	p. 155
Principles of rehabilitation	p. 160
The rehabilitation program	p. 160
Muscle conditioning	p. 161
Flexibility	p. 171
Proprioception	p. 174
Functional exercises	p. 175
Sport skills	p. 176
Correction of biomechanical abnormalities	p. 178
Cardiovascular fitness	p. 178
Hydrotherapy	p. 179
Progression of rehabilitation	p. 179
Stages of rehabilitation	p. 180
Monitoring the rehabilitation program	p. 183
Psychology and rehabilitation of injury	p. 183
Conclusion	p. 184
Regional problems	p. 187
Minor head injury in sport	p. 189
Applied pathophysiology	p. 189
Grading of concussion	p. 189
Complications of concussion	p. 190
Management of the concussed athlete	p. 190
Post-concussion syndrome	p. 193
Recurrent episodes of concussion	p. 193
Prevention of concussion	p. 193
Headache	p. 195
Clinical approach to the patient with headache	p. 195
Vascular headaches	p. 198
Cervical headache	p. 200
Exercise-related causes of headache	p. 202
Facial injuries	p. 203
Functional anatomy	p. 203
Soft tissue injuries	p. 204
Nose	p. 205
Ear	p. 206
Eye	p. 207
Teeth	p. 211
Fractures of facial bones	p. 212
Prevention of facial injuries	p. 214
Neck pain	p. 215
Clinical perspective	p. 215
Treatment of the athlete with neck pain	p. 218
Neck pain syndromes	p. 225
Shoulder pain	p. 229
Functional anatomy	p. 229
Clinical perspective	p. 231
Impingement	p. 240
Rotator cuff injuries	p. 244
Glenoid labrum injuries	p. 247
Dislocation of the glenohumeral joint	p. 248
Shoulder instability	p. 249
Fracture of the clavicle	p. 252
Acromioclavicular joint injuries	p. 253
Referred pain	p. 256
Less common causes of shoulder pain	p. 256
Guidelines for shoulder rehabilitation	p. 261
Putting it all together: specific rehabilitation protocols	p. 269
Elbow and forearm pain	p. 274
Lateral elbow pain	p. 274
Medial elbow pain	p. 284
Posterior elbow pain	p. 286
Acute elbow injuries	p. 287
Forearm pain	p. 289
Wrist and hand pain	p. 292
Acute injuries to the wrist	p. 292
Wrist pain of gradual onset	p. 302
Hand and finger injuries	p. 306
Thoracic and chest pain	p. 321
Thoracic pain	p. 321
Chest pain	p. 324
Low back pain	p. 330
Clinical perspective	p. 330
Severe low back pain	p. 337
Mild to moderate low back pain	p. 340
Acute nerve root compression	p. 344
Stress fracture of the pars interarticularis	p. 346
Spondylolisthesis	p. 348
Lumbar hypermobility	p. 349
Sacroiliac inflammation	p. 349
Rehabilitation following low back pain	p. 349
Conclusion	p. 359
Buttock pain	p. 362
Clinical approach	p. 362
Referred pain from the lumbar spine	p. 364
Sacroiliac joint disorders	p. 368
Hamstring origin tendinopathy	p. 370
Ischiogluteal bursitis	p. 371
Myofascial pain	p. 371
Less common causes	p. 372
Conditions not to be missed	p. 374
Hip and groin pain	p. 375
Clinical approach	p. 375
Adductor muscle strains	p. 378
Osteitis pubis	p. 380
Adductor tendinopathy	p. 385
Obturator neuropathy	p. 386
Trochanteric bursitis	p. 386
Less common causes	p. 387
Anterior thigh pain	p. 395
Clinical approach	p. 395
Quadriceps contusion	p. 398
Myositis ossificans	p. 401
Quadriceps muscle strain	p. 402
Differentiating between a mild quadriceps strain and a quadriceps contusion	p. 403
Less common causes	p. 405
Posterior thigh pain	p. 407
Clinical perspective	p. 407
Hamstring muscle strains	p. 411
Referred pain to posterior thigh	p. 422
Less common causes	p. 423
Acute knee injuries	p. 426
Functional anatomy	p. 426
Clinical perspective	p. 427
Meniscal injuries	p. 432
Medial collateral ligament injury	p. 438
Anterior cruciate ligament tears	p. 440
Posterior cruciate ligament tear	p. 455
Lateral collateral ligament tears	p. 457
Articular cartilage damage	p. 457
Acute patellar trauma	p. 457
Less common causes	p. 459
Chronic instability	p. 462
Anterior knee pain	p. 464
Clinical approach	p. 464
Patellofemoral syndrome	p. 468
Patellofemoral instability	p. 480
Fat pad irritation/impingement	p. 480
Patellar tendinopathy	p. 481
Partial tears: acute versus chronic	p. 489
Less common causes	p. 490
Lateral, medial and posterior knee pain	p. 494
Lateral knee pain	p. 494
Medial knee pain	p. 502
Posterior knee pain	p. 504
Shin pain	p. 508
Clinical perspective	p. 508
Stress fracture of the tibia	p. 515
Inflammatory shin pain	p. 517
Compartment syndromes	p. 519
Stress fracture of the fibula	p. 521
Less common causes	p. 522
Acute bony injuries	p. 522
Calf pain	p. 524
Clinical perspective	p. 524
Gastrocnemius muscle strains	p. 528
Soleus muscle strains	p. 530
Claudicant-type calf pain	p. 531
Conditions not to be missed	p. 533
Pain in the Achilles region	p. 535
Clinical perspective	p. 535
Achilles tendinopathy	p. 540
Early treatment and long-term rehabilitation	p. 542
Achilles tendon rupture (complete)	p. 548
Retrocalcaneal bursitis	p. 549
Less common causes	p. 550
Other causes of pain in the Achilles region	p. 550
Acute ankle injuries	p. 553
Functional anatomy	p. 553
Clinical perspective	p. 554
Lateral ligament injuries	p. 558
Treatment and rehabilitation of lateral ligament injuries	p. 559
Less common causes	p. 563
Persistent pain after ankle sprain--'the difficult ankle'	p. 563
Ankle pain	p. 574
Medial ankle pain	p. 574
Lateral ankle pain	p. 578
Anterior ankle pain	p. 581
Foot pain	p. 584
Rear foot pain	p. 584
Midfoot pain	p. 587
Forefoot pain	p. 593
The patient with longstanding symptoms	p. 602
What is the diagnosis?	p. 602
Treatment	p. 604
Summary	p. 606
Enhancing sport performance	p. 607
Maximizing performance: nutrition	p. 609
Maximizing energy stores	p. 609
Maintaining adequate hydration	p. 615
Achieving ideal body weight for performance	p. 618
Bulking up	p. 624
Ensuring sufficient intake of vitamins and minerals	p. 625
Optimizing the pre-competition meal	p. 633
Supplements	p. 636
Conclusion	p. 636
Maximizing performance: psychology	p. 639
Fundamental psychological skills	p. 639
Psychological techniques to aid relaxation	p. 645
Psychological skills can aid physical preparation for sport	p. 646
The roles of a sports psychologist in a team	p. 646
Special groups of participants	p. 649
The younger athlete	p. 651
Management of musculoskeletal conditions	p. 651
Children with chronic illness	p. 662
How much is too much?	p. 664
Nutrition for the younger athlete	p. 668
The 'ugly parent' syndrome	p. 671
Coaches' role	p. 672
The female athlete	p. 674
Historical perspective	p. 674
Similarities and differences between the sexes	p. 675
Effect of the menstrual cycle on performance	p. 678
Menstrual irregularities associated with exercise	p. 680
Complications of exercise-associated menstrual cycle irregularities	p. 683
Treatment of exercise-associated menstrual cycle irregularities	p. 684
Contraception for the athlete	p. 686
Exercise and pregnancy	p. 687
Menopause	p. 690
Menstrual hygiene	p. 693
Breast	p. 693
Environmental factors	p. 694
Nutrition	p. 694
Injuries	p. 695
The older athlete	p. 700
Tissue changes with aging	p. 700
The benefits of exercise in the elderly	p. 701
Risks of exercise in the elderly	p. 702
Drugs and the older athlete	p. 702
The disabled athlete	p. 705
Classification	p. 705
Injuries in disabled athletes	p. 706
Doping	p. 709
Management of medical problems	p. 711
Sporting emergencies	p. 713
Preparation	p. 713
Treatment of the collapsed athlete	p. 716
Severe head injury	p. 718
The athlete with possible spinal injury	p. 719
Dental trauma	p. 720
Laryngeal and tracheal injuries	p. 720
Chest injuries	p. 720
Abdominal injuries	p. 722
Injuries to the extremities	p. 724
Other causes of collapse	p. 725
Cardiovascular symptoms during exercise	p. 726
Cardiovascular changes with exercise	p. 726
Palpitation	p. 727
Syncope	p. 729
Heart murmur	p. 731
Chest pain	p. 731
Sudden death	p. 732
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy	p. 733
Marfan's syndrome	p. 734
Coronary artery disease	p. 734
Other significant cardiac conditions in sports medicine	p. 734
Special cardiac investigations	p. 735
Prevention of sudden death	p. 737
Respiratory symptoms during exercise	p. 740
Common respiratory symptoms	p. 740
Asthma	p. 743
Exercise-induced bronchospasm	p. 744
Sinus-related symptoms	p. 750
Other exercise-related conditions	p. 751
Gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise	p. 753
Upper gastrointestinal symptoms	p. 753
Gastrointestinal bleeding	p. 754
Abdominal pain	p. 755
Diarrhea	p. 755
Exercise and gastrointestinal diseases	p. 756
Prevention of gastrointestinal symptoms that occur with exercise	p. 757
Diabetes mellitus	p. 759
Type 1 diabetes	p. 759
Type 2 diabetes	p. 759
Exercise and diabetes	p. 760
Dietary management	p. 761
Complications of exercise in the diabetic athlete	p. 762
Conclusion	p. 764
The athlete with epilepsy	p. 766
Epidemiology and nomenclature	p. 766
Pathology	p. 766
Generalized tonic-clonic seizure	p. 766
Diagnosis of epilepsy	p. 767
Treatment	p. 767
Exercise prescription	p. 767
Management of a seizure	p. 768
Conclusion	p. 768
Joint-related symptoms without acute injury	p. 770
The patient with a single swollen joint	p. 770
The patient with low back pain and stiffness	p. 771
The patient presenting with multiple painful joints	p. 774
The patient with joint pain who 'hurts all over'	p. 776
Ordering and interpreting rheumatological tests	p. 777
Common sports-related infections	p. 779
Hepatitis A	p. 779
Hepatitis B	p. 779
Hepatitis C	p. 780
Other forms of hepatitis	p. 780
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)	p. 780
Infectious mononucleosis	p. 781
Skin infections	p. 781
Viral respiratory infections	p. 782
Travelers' diarrhea	p. 783
Are athletes at an increased risk of infection?	p. 783
Infection and athletic performance	p. 784
The tired athlete	p. 787
History	p. 788
Examination	p. 789
Investigations	p. 789
Overtraining syndrome	p. 789
Viral illness	p. 793
Nutritional deficiencies	p. 794
Chronic fatigue syndrome	p. 794
Other causes of tiredness	p. 796
Conclusion	p. 796
Exercise in the heat	p. 798
Mechanisms of heat gain and loss	p. 798
Clinical perspective	p. 799
Heatstroke--a temperature above 41[degree]C	p. 800
Exercise-associated collapse	p. 801
Cramps	p. 802
Fluid overload: hyponatremia	p. 802
Other causes of exercise-related collapse in hot weather	p. 803
Heat acclimatization	p. 803
Guidelines for the prevention of heat illness	p. 804
Exercise in the cold	p. 807
Generation of body heat	p. 807
Heat loss	p. 807
How the body perceives cold	p. 808
Measurement of body temperature	p. 808
Effects of hypothermia	p. 808
Clinical features	p. 809
General principles of managing hypothermia	p. 809
Methods to achieve rewarming	p. 810
Treatment of hypothermia in sport	p. 811
Frostbite	p. 813
Prevention of cold injuries	p. 813
Exercise prescription for health	p. 816
Pre-exercise evaluation	p. 816
Components of exercise prescription	p. 824
Exercise prescription for the older individual	p. 824
Exercise prescription for the patient with hypertension	p. 828
Resistance training for the cardiac patient	p. 829
Exercise prescription in patients with osteoarthritis	p. 832
Exercise prescription in patients with osteoporosis	p. 834
Exercise prescription in practice: a case study	p. 837
Practical sports medicine	p. 841
Participation screening	p. 843
The aims of screening	p. 843
Benefits of screening	p. 843
The history	p. 844
The examination	p. 844
Additional tests	p. 845
Medical care of the sporting team	p. 850
The off-field team	p. 850
Pre-season assessment	p. 851
Educate team members	p. 851
Other essentials	p. 851
Traveling with a team	p. 855
Preparation	p. 855
Air travel and jet lag	p. 860
The medical room	p. 861
Illness	p. 862
Traveler's diarrhea	p. 862
Upper respiratory tract infections	p. 862
Injury	p. 862
Drug testing	p. 862
Local contacts	p. 863
Psychological skills	p. 863
Personal coping skills	p. 863
Medical coverage of endurance events	p. 865
Race organization	p. 865
The medical team	p. 866
First-aid stations	p. 867
Medical facility at the race finish	p. 867
Summary	p. 868
Drugs and the athlete	p. 872
Historical perspective	p. 872
Why athletes take drugs	p. 873
Prohibited substances	p. 873
Stimulants	p. 874
Narcotics	p. 879
Anabolic agents	p. 880
Diuretics	p. 885
Peptide hormones, mimetics and analogs	p. 885
Prohibited methods	p. 888
Classes of drugs subject to certain restrictions	p. 889
Permitted drugs	p. 891
Therapeutic use of a prohibited substance	p. 891
Supplements and other ergogenic aids permitted in sport	p. 891
Food supplements	p. 891
Drug testing	p. 894
Ethical dilemmas	p. 896
The battle against drugs	p. 896
Ethics and sports medicine	p. 900
Conflict of interest	p. 902
Confidentiality	p. 903
Performance-enhancing drugs	p. 904
Infection and ethics	p. 905
Ethics in sport	p. 905
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.