Color Science Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae

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Edition: 2nd
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2000-08-08
Publisher(s): Wiley-Interscience
List Price: $158.88

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Summary

This paperback reprint of a classic book deals with all phases of light, color, and color vision, providing comprehensive data, formulas, concepts, and procedures needed in basic and applied research in color vision, colorimetry, and photometry.

Author Biography

Günter Wyszecki was a German-Canadian physicist who made important contributions to the fields of colorimetry, color discrimination, color order, and color vision. W. S. Stiles is the author of Color Science: Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae, 2nd Edition, published by Wiley.

Table of Contents

Physical Data
Basic Radiometric Quantities and Units
1(1)
Sources of Radiant Energy
1(29)
The Sun and Daylight
4(7)
Thermal Radiators
11(8)
Electric Discharge Lamps
19(4)
Electroluminescent Sources
23(2)
Light-Emitting Diodes
25(1)
Lasers
25(2)
Sources of Ultraviolet Radiant Energy
27(1)
Some Photometric and Colorimetric Characteristics of Sources of Radiant Energy
27(3)
Optical Filters
30(21)
Absorption Filters
30(4)
Glass Filters
34(1)
Gelatin Filters
35(1)
Liquid Filters
35(1)
Absorption Filters for Special Applications
35(5)
Miscellaneous Absorption Filters
40(1)
Interference Filters
40(6)
Interference-Filter Wedges
46(2)
Beamsplitters
48(1)
Sheet Polarizers
49(2)
Miscellaneous Optical Filters
51(1)
Reflecting Materials
51(12)
Front-Surface Mirrors
55(1)
White Reflectance Standards
55(3)
Colored Reflectance Standards
58(2)
Black Surfaces
60(1)
Building Materials
60(1)
Natural Objects
60(3)
Monochromators
63(9)
Basic Designs of Monochromators
63(3)
Resolving Power and Transmitted Radiant Flux
66(3)
Slit-Width Correction
69(1)
Polarization
70(1)
Wavelength Calibration
71(1)
Stray Light
72(1)
Physical Detectors of Radiant Energy
72(11)
Thermal Detectors
73(3)
Photon Detectors
76(7)
The Eye
Preamble
83(1)
The Structure of the Human Eye
83(10)
Cornea
84(1)
Lens
84(1)
Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Body
84(1)
The Fine-Structure of the Retina
85(3)
Main Topographical Features of the Retina
88(2)
The Fovea
90(1)
The Photoreceptors
90(3)
Specification of the External Stimulus
93(2)
Position in External Field
93(1)
Radiometric Specification
93(2)
Photometric Specification
95(1)
Factors in the Eye That Control the Internal Stimulus
95(22)
Image Formation by the Theoretical Eye
98(2)
Eye Axes and Eye Angles
100(1)
Chromatic Aberration of the Eye
101(1)
The Troland Values of Retinal Illuminance
102(3)
Pupil Size
105(2)
Light Losses in the Eye
107(9)
Fluorescent Light in the Eye
116(1)
Colorimetry
Preamble
117(1)
Basic Colorimetric Concepts
117(13)
Trichromatic Generalization
117(2)
Tristimulus Space
119(2)
Basic Colorimetric Equations
121(6)
Imaginary Color Stimuli
127(2)
Colorimetric Transformations
129(1)
The CIE Colorimetric System
130(45)
The CIE 1931 Standard Colorimetric Observer
131(1)
The CIE 1964 Supplementary Standard Colorimetric Observer
132(1)
Development of the Two CIE Standard Observers
133(10)
CIE Standard Illuminants
143(3)
CIE Standard Sources
146(9)
Standard of Reflectance Factor
155(1)
Standard Illuminating and Viewing Conditions
155(1)
Calculation of CIE Tristimulus Values and Chromaticity Coordinates
156(8)
CIE Uniform Color Spaces and Color-Difference Formulae
164(5)
CIE Metamerism Index for Change in Illuminant
169(4)
CIE Color-Rendering Index
173(2)
Dominant Wavelength, Excitation Purity, and Colorimetric Purity
175(1)
Complementary Color Stimuli
176(1)
Maximum Attainable Luminous Efficiency of Color Stimuli of Different Chromaticity
177(2)
Optimal Object-Color Stimuli
179(4)
Metameric Color Stimuli
183(38)
Definition of Metamerism
184(1)
Methods of Generating Metamers
185(9)
Intersections of Spectral Reflectance Curves of Metamers
194(2)
Counting Metamers
196(4)
Boundaries of Mismatches of Metamers
200(12)
Application of Linear Programming to Miscellaneous Colorimetric Problems
212(9)
Colorant Formulation
221(1)
Specification of Color Tolerances
222(2)
Distribution Temperature, Color Temperature, and Correlated Color Temperature
224(4)
Colorimetric Instrumentation
228(21)
Spectroradiometers
229(3)
Spectrophotometers
232(3)
Spectrophotometry of Fluorescent Materials
235(5)
Propagation of Random Spectrophotometric Errors
240(3)
Tristimulus-Filter Colorimeters
243(6)
Photometry
Basic Photometric Quantities and Units
249(1)
The Photometric Principle
249(4)
The Standard Photometric System
253(24)
Historical Note
253(3)
Standard Photometric Observers
256(3)
Photometric Methods
259(4)
Measurement of Total Luminous Flux
263(2)
Measurement of Luminous Intensity and Illuminance
265(5)
Measurement of Luminance
270(7)
Calculation of Illuminance Produced by Lambert Sources of Different Shapes
277(1)
Visual Equivalence and Visual Matching
Preamble
278(1)
Classification of Matching Procedures
278(15)
Visual Equivalence and Visual Match by Strict Substitution
279(2)
Asymmetric Comparison and Matching; Quasi-symmetric Matching
281(2)
Limited Groups of Asymmetric Matching Procedures
283(2)
Matching Criteria
285(3)
Some Particular Matching or Equivalence Procedures
288(5)
Maxwell's Method of Color Matching
293(13)
Historical Note
293(1)
Basis of Maxwellian Trichromacy
294(4)
Maxwell Trichromacy and Full Trichromacy in Quasi-Symmetric Matching
298(2)
Maxwell's Method in Nontrichromatic Matching
300(2)
Maxwellian Matching as Correlation of Stimulus Spaces
302(2)
Maxwellian Matching in the Weaker Sense
304(2)
Precision of Color Matching for Normal Trichromats
306(24)
MacAdam Ellipses
306(7)
Brown-MacAdam Ellipsoids
313(6)
Wyszecki-Fielder Ellipsoids
319(1)
Repeatability of Color-Matching Ellipsoids for the Same Observer
320(3)
Intercomparison of Color-Matching Ellipses for Different Observers
323(5)
Propagation of Random Errors in Colorimetric Transformations
328(2)
Color-Matching Functions of Normal Trichromats
330(17)
Two-Degree Data of Guild and Wright
330(1)
Judd Modification
330(3)
Stiles Two-Degree Pilot Data
333(1)
Stiles-Burch Ten-Degree Data
333(10)
ETL Ten-Degree Data
343(3)
Variations of Color-Matching Functions of Different Normal Trichromats
346(1)
Factors Modifying Color Matching
347(45)
Filter Pigments in the Eye
347(7)
Rod Participation
354(18)
Location of Visual Field
372(1)
Size of Visual Field
373(1)
High Luminance Level
374(5)
Maxwell Method versus Maximum-Saturation Method
379(13)
Luminous Efficiency Functions of Normal Trichromats
392(18)
Matching or Equivalence Criteria and Experimental Procedures
392(2)
Experimental Data
394(16)
Heterochromatic Brightness Matching of Complex Stimuli
410(10)
Luminance of Equally Bright Color Stimuli
411(2)
Additivity Failures
413(7)
Abney and Bezold-Brucke Effects
420(4)
Hue Reversals: Brindley Isochromes
424(1)
Stiles-Crawford Effect
424(5)
Chromatic Adaptation
429(22)
Asymmetric Matching-Basic Concepts
429(3)
Experimental Procedures and Data
432(17)
A Comparison of Chromatic-Adaptation Transforms
449(2)
Chromatic-Response Functions
451(7)
Color-Matching Properties of Color-Defective Observers
458(14)
Normal and Anomalous Trichromats
459(4)
Dichromats
463(8)
Monochromats
471(1)
Instrumentation for Color-Vision Research
472(14)
Maxwellian View
478(5)
Measurement of Directional Sensitivity and Increment Thresholds
483(1)
The Staircase Methods
484(2)
Uniform Color Scales
Preamble
486(2)
Types of Scales and Scaling Methods
488(5)
Brightness and Lightness Scales
493(7)
Color Scales of Constant Lightness
500(3)
Three-Dimensional Color Scales
503(3)
Principles of Construction
503(1)
Color-Difference Formulae
504(2)
White. Whiteness Formulae
506(1)
Color-Order Systems
506(8)
Munsell Color System
507(2)
DIN Color System
509(2)
Swedish Natural Color System
511(1)
OSA Color System
512(2)
Visual Thresholds
Preamble
514(1)
General Concepts
514(5)
Basic Terms and Definitions
514(2)
Quantum Fluctuations and Visual Stimuli
516(3)
Dark Adaptation and Absolute Thresholds
519(6)
Recovery of Threshold Sensitivity; Dark-Adaptation Curves
519(2)
Threshold Variation Over the Visual Field
521(1)
Threshold Sensitivity of Fully Dark-Adapted Eye
521(1)
Absolute Threshold Values for Different Conditions of Measurement
521(4)
Chromatic Adaptation and Increment Thresholds
525(19)
Two-Color Threshold Method
525(3)
Basic Formulae
528(3)
Stiles' Mean Data
531(6)
Specific Aspects of π Mechanisms and Later Developments
537(7)
Rod Saturation
544(3)
Cone Saturation
547(2)
Rod and Cone Interactions
549(3)
Uniform Equivalent Fields
552(2)
Basic Formulae
553(1)
Spatial and Temporal Factors
554(13)
Distinctness of Border
555(1)
Mach Bands
556(1)
Flicker
557(10)
Discrimination Thresholds
567(15)
Luminance Differences
567(3)
Wavelength Differences
570(1)
Purity Differences
571(3)
Color-Temperature Differences
574(1)
Chromaticity Differences
575(1)
Color-Difference Matches
576(6)
Theories and Models of Color Vision
Preamble
582(4)
Visual Response Functions and the Spectral Properties of Visual Pigments
586(47)
Principle of Univariance
586(2)
The Visual-Pigment Layer
588(3)
Dartnall's Standard Shape of Visual Pigment-Absorption Coefficient
591(1)
Color-Matching Data and the Spectral Absorption Curves of Visual Pigments
591(13)
Dichromatism and the Fundamental Spectral Sensitivities
604(15)
Color-Matching Data and the Pigment-Bleaching Model
619(14)
Neural Models
633(21)
Muller and Judd
634(5)
Adams
639(3)
Hurvich and Jameson
642(4)
Guth
646(6)
Ingling
652(2)
Line Elements of Color Space
654(36)
Basic Concepts
654(4)
Helmholtz
658(1)
Schrodinger
659(1)
Stiles
660(12)
Trabka
672(1)
Vos and Walraven
673(4)
General Construction of Inductive Line Elements
677(13)
Appendix of Extended Tables and Illustrations 690(195)
References 885(40)
Author Index 925(10)
Subject Index 935

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