Creative Industries: Contracts Between Art & Commerce

by
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2000-06-30
Publisher(s): Harvard Univ Pr
List Price: $74.00

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Summary

This book explores the organization of creative industries, including the visual and performing arts, movies, theater, sound recordings, and book publishing. In each, artistic inputs are combined with other, "humdrum" inputs. But the deals that bring these inputs together are inherently problematic: artists have strong views; the muse whispers erratically; and consumer approval remains highly uncertain until all costs have been incurred. To assemble, distribute, and store creative products, business firms are organized, some employing creative personnel on long-term contracts, others dealing with them as outside contractors; agents emerge as intermediaries, negotiating contracts and matching creative talents with employers. Firms in creative industries are either small-scale pickers that concentrate on the selection and development of new creative talents or large-scale promoters that undertake the packaging and widespread distribution of established creative goods. In some activities, such as the performing arts, creative ventures facing high fixed costs turn to nonprofit firms. To explain the logic of these arrangements, the author draws on the analytical resources of industrial economics and the theory of contracts. He addresses the winner-take-all character of many creative activities that brings wealth and renown to some artists while dooming others to frustration; why the "option" form of contract is so prevalent; and why even savvy producers get sucked into making "ten-ton turkeys," such as Heaven's Gate. However different their superficial organization and aesthetic properties, whether high or low in cultural ranking, creative industries share the same underlying organizational logic.

Table of Contents

Preface vii
Introduction: Economic Properties of Creative Activities 1(18)
I Supplying Simple Creative Goods 19(66)
Artists as Apprentices
21(16)
Artists, Dealers, and Deals
37(15)
Artist and Gatekeeper: Trade Books, Popular Records, and Classical Music
52(21)
Artists, Starving and Well-Fed
73(12)
II Supplying Complex Creative Goods 85(88)
The Hollywood Studios Disintegrate
87(16)
Contracts for Creative Products: Films and Plays
103(18)
Guilds, Unions, and Faulty Contracts
121(15)
The Nurture of Ten-Ton Turkeys
136(10)
Creative Products Go to Market: Books and Records
146(15)
Creative Products Go to Market: Films
161(12)
III Demand for Creative Goods 173(48)
Buffs, Buzz, and Educated Tastes
175(14)
Consumers, Critics, and Certifiers
189(12)
Innovation, Fads, and Fashions
201(20)
IV Cost Conundrums 221(48)
Covering High Fixed Costs
223(15)
Donor-Supported Nonprofit Organizations in the Performing Arts
238(15)
Cost Disease and Its Analgesics
253(16)
V The Test of Time 269(94)
Durable Creative Goods: Rents Pursued through Time and Space
271(15)
Payola
286(11)
Organizing to Collect Rents: Music Copyrights
297(17)
Entertainment Conglomerates and the Quest for Rents
314(15)
Filtering and Storing Durable Creative Goods: Visual Arts
329(19)
New versus Old Art: Boulez Meets Beethoven
348(15)
Epilogue 363(8)
Notes 371(78)
Index 449

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