Preface
Part OneCritical Thinking and Writing1 Critical ThinkingThinking about Drivers’ Licenses and Photographic Identification Analyzing and Evaluating Multiple PerspectivesCritical Thinking at Work: From Jottings to a Short Essay*A Student’s Essay, Developed from a Cluster*Idea Prompt: Mapping Pros and Cons*Play Ball: Why Home-Schoolers Should Be Allowed to Play on Public School Teams*The Essay Analyzed
Writing as a Way of ThinkingGetting IdeasIdea Prompt: Understanding Classical TopicsA Checklist for Critical ThinkingA Short Essay Illustrating Critical ThinkingHarlan Coben, The Undercover ParentLetter of Response by Carol WestonA Checklist for Evaluating Letters of ResponseExamining AssumptionsA Checklist for Examining Assumptions*Jena McGregor, Military Women in Combat: Why Making It Official MattersFive Exercises in Critical Thinking*
e-Pages Oxfam, The Truth about Women and Chocolate [advertisement]*
e-Pages The White House, 1 Is 2 Many [public service announcement]
2 Critical Reading: Getting StartedActive Reading*Summarizing and Paraphrasing Contrasted with Patchwriting*Paraphrase, Patchwriting, and Plagiarism*A Checklist for a ParaphraseLast Words (Almost) about SummarizingSusan Jacoby, A First Amendment JunkieSummarizing Jacoby, Paragraph by ParagraphA Checklist for Getting Started*Zachary M. Shemtab and J David Lat, "Executions Should Be Televised"Gwen Wilde (student essay), Why the Pledge of Allegiance Should Be RevisedA Casebook for Critical Reading: Should Some Kinds of Speech be Censored? Susan Brownmiller, Let’s Put Pornography Back in the Closet Charles R. Lawrence III, On Racist Speech Derek Bok, Protecting Freedom of Expression on the Campus Thinking Further about Freedom of Expression and Facebook
3 Critical Reading: Getting Deeper into Arguments Persuasion, Argument, Dispute *Idea Prompt: Establishing Trustworthiness and CredibilityReason versus RationalizationSome Procedures in ArgumentDefinition Idea Prompt: Ways to Give DefinitionsA Checklist for Evaluation Statistical Evidence Nonrational Appeals Does All Writing Contain Arguments? A Checklist for Analyzing an ArgumentAn Example: An Argument and a Look at the Writer’s Strategies George F. Will, Being Green at Ben and Jerry’s George F. Will’s StrategiesArguments for AnalysisStanley Fish, When "Identity" Politics is RationalGloria Jiménez (student essay), Against the Odds, and Against the Common Good Anna Lisa Raya (student essay), It’s Hard Enough Being Me Ronald Takaki, The Harmful Myth of Asian Superiority James Q. Wilson, Just Take Away Their Guns *Kayla Webley, Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt a Good Idea?*Alfred Edmond Jr., Why Asking For a Job Applicant’s Facebook Password Is Fair Game*Sherry Turkle, The Flight From Conversation*
e-Pages Aurora Meneghello and Serge Bakalian, Trailer for
Default: The Student Loan Movie [film trailer]
4 Visual Rhetoric: Images as ArgumentsSome Uses of Images Appeals to the Eye (And Thus to the Emotions)Are Some Images not Fit to be Shown? Politics and PicturesExercises: Thinking about ImagesReading Advertisements A Checklist for Analyzing Images (Especially Advertisements) Writing about a Political CartoonA Checklist for Analyzing Political CartoonsIdea Prompt: Analysis of a Political CartoonJackson Smith (student essay), Pledging Nothing?Visuals as Aids to Clarity: Maps, Graphs, Tables, and Pie Charts A Checklist for Charts and GraphsA Note on Using Visuals in Your Own Paper A Note on Formatting Your Paper: Document DesignAdditional Images for AnalysisNora Ephron, The Boston Photographs*
e-Pages Josh Harkinson/
Mother Jones, How Industrial Pot Growers Ravage the Land: A Google Earth Tour [news article and video]*
e-Pages United States Agency for International Development, "How to Feed the Future" and "Mobile Phones Tackling Poverty" [infographics
Part TwoCritical Writing5 Writing an Analysis of an ArgumentAnalyzing an ArgumentIdea Prompt: Drawing Conclusions and Implying Proof A Checklist for Analyzing an Author’s AudienceA Checklist for Analyzing a TexAn Argument, Its Elements, and a Student’s Analysis of the ArgumentNicholas D. Kristof, For Environmental Balance, Pick Up a RifleBetsy Swinton (student essay), Tracking KristofAn Analysis of the Student’s AnalysisA Checklist for Writing an Analysis of an ArgumentArguments for Analysis Jeff Jacoby, Bring Back Flogging Gerald Jones, Violent Media Is Good for Kids*Justin Cronin, Confessions of a Liberal Gun Owner Peter Singer, Animal Liberation Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal*
e-Pages Barack Obama, President Obama on the Death of Osama bin Laden [speech]
6 Developing an Argument of Your OwnPlanning, Drafting, and Revising an Argument A Checklist for a Thesis StatementA Checklist for Imagining an AudienceIdea Prompt: Using Transitions in Argument*A Last Word about Outlines*A Checklist for Organizing an Argument*Idea Prompt: Varying ToneA Checklist for Attending to the Needs of the Audience Peer Review A Peer Review Checklist for a Draft of an ArgumentA Student’s Essay, from Rough Notes to Final Version Emily Andrews, Why I Don’t Spare "Spare Change" The Essay AnalyzedExercise*
e-Pages: Casey Neistat, Calorie Detective [investigative video]
7 Using SourcesWhy Use Sources? Choosing a Topic Finding Material Finding Quality Information on the WebA Word about WikipediaFinding Articles Using Library DatabasesLocating BooksInterviewing Peers and Local Authorities Evaluating Your Sources Taking Notes A Checklist for Evaluating Print Sources A Checklist for Evaluating Electronic Sources A Note on Plagiarizing, Paraphrasing, and Using Common Knowledge A Checklist for Avoiding Plagiarism Compiling an Annotated Bibliography Writing the Paper Quoting from Sources Incorporating Your Reading into Your Thinking: The Art and Science of Synthesis The Use and Abuse of QuotationsHow to QuoteA Checklist for Using Quotations Rather than SummariesDocumentationIdea Prompt: Signal PhrasesA Note on Footnotes (and Endnotes)MLA Format: Citations within the TextMLA Format: The List of Works CitedAPA Format: Citations within the TextAPA Format: The List of ReferencesA Checklist for Papers Using SourcesAn Annotated Student Research Paper in MLA Format *Lesley Timmerman, An Argument for Corporate ResponsibilityAn Annotated Student Research Paper in APA Format Laura Deveau, The Role of Spirituality and Religion in Mental Health
Part ThreeFurther Views on Argument8 A Philosopher’s View: The Toulmin ModelThe ClaimGrounds Warrants Backing Modal Qualifiers Rebuttals*Idea Prompt: Constructing a Toulmin ArgumentPutting the Toulmin Method to Work: Responding to an Argument*Responding to an Argument*James E. McWilliams, The Locavore Myth: Why Buying from Nearby Farmers Won’t Save thePlanetThinking with Toulmin’s MethodA Checklist for Using the Toulmin Method
9 A Logician’s View: Deduction, Induction, FallaciesDeductionInduction Fallacies Fallacies of AmbiguityFallacies of PresumptionFallacies of RelevanceA Checklist for Evaluating an Argument from a Logical Point of ViewExercise: Fallacies--Or Not?Max Shulman, Love Is a Fallacy
10 A Psychologist’s View: Rogerian ArgumentRogerian Argument: An IntroductionCarl R. Rogers, Communication: Its Blocking and Its FacilitationA Checklist for Analyzing Rogerian ArgumentEdward O. Wilson, Letter to a Southern Baptist Minister
*11 A Rhetorician’s View: Rhetorical Analysis of Non-Traditional Texts*How rhetoricians analyze arguments*Production, Distribution, and Consumption: Performing a Rhetorical Analysis*A Checklist for Rhetorical Analysis*Michelle Dean, Here Comes the Hillbilly, Again
12 A Literary Critic’s View: Arguing about LiteratureInterpretingJudging (or Evaluating) TheorizingA Checklist for an Argument about LiteratureExamples: Two Students Interpret Robert Frost’s "Mending Wall"Robert Frost, Mending Wall Jonathan Deutsch, The Deluded Speaker in Frost’s "Mending Wall" Felicia Alonso, The Debate in Robert Frost’s "Mending Wall"Exercises: Reading a Poem and a Story Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress Kate Chopin, The Story of an Hour Thinking about the Effects of Literature Plato, "The Greater Part of the Stories Current Today We Shall Have to Reject"Thinking about Government Funding for the Arts
13 A Debater’s View: Individual Oral Presentations and Debate*Individual PresentationsA Checklist for an Oral PresentationThe AudienceDeliveryThe TalkFormal DebateStandard Debate FormatA Checklist for Preparing for a Debate
e-Pages A Moralist’s View: Ways of Thinking EthicallyAmoral ReasoningImmoral Reasoning Moral Reasoning: A Closer Look Criteria for Moral Rules A Checklist for Moral ReasoningPeter Singer, Famine, Affluence, and Morality Garret Hardin, Lifeboat Ethics: The Case against Helping the Poor Randy Cohen, Three Letters (to an Ethicist)
e-Pages A Lawyer’s View: Steps toward Civic LiteracyCivil and Criminal Cases Trial and AppealDecision and Opinion Majority, Concurring, and Dissenting Opinions Facts and Law Balancing Interests A Word of CautionA Checklist for Analyzing Legal ArgumentsA Casebook on the Law and Society: What Rights do the Constitution and the Bill of RightsProtect? Byron R. White and John Paul Stevens, New Jersey v. T.L.O. Harry Blackmun and William H. Rehnquist, Roe v. WadePart FourCurrent Issues: Occasions for DebateDebates as an Aid to ThinkingA Checklist for Analyzing a Debate
*14 Student Loans: Should Some Indebtedness Be Forgiven?*Robert Applebaum, Debate on Student Loan Debt Doesn’t Go Far Enough*Justin Wolfer, Forgive Student Loans? Worst Idea Ever
"If we are going to give money away, why on earth would we give it to college grads?"*15 Are Integrated Devices Safer than Using Hand-Held Devices While Driving?*Mitch Bainwol, Pro*Pictorial Advertisement, OMG *Rob Reynolds, Con
*16 The Local Food Movement: Does It Make Sense?*Stephen Budiansky, Math Lessons For Locavores*Kerry Trueman, The Myth of the Rabid Locavore
17 The Death Penalty: Is It Ever Justified? Edward I. Koch, Death and Justice: How Capital Punishment Affirms Life David Bruck, The Death Penalty
18 Genetic Modification of Human Beings: Is It Acceptable?Ronald M. Green, Building Babies from the Genes UpRichard Hayes, Genetically Modified Humans? No ThanksPart Five Current Issues: Casebooks
19 College Education: What Is Its Purpose?*Andrew Delbanco, 3 Reasons College Still MatterPatrick Allitt, Should Undergraduates Specialize?Letters of Response by Carol Geary Schneider and Ellis M. West*Carlo Rotella, No, It Doesn’t Matter What You Majored In*Alina Tugend, Vocation or Exploration? Pondering the Purpose of CollegeMark Edmundson, Education’s Hungry HeartsMarty Nemko, America’s Most Overrated Product: The Bachelor’s DegreeCharles Murray, Should the Obama Generation Drop Out?Letters of Response by Charles Axilbund, Jacques Jimenez, Jeff Adler, Lillian Hoodes, LarryHoffner Sandra Sherman, and Michel Dedina,
Louis Menand, Re-imagining Liberal Education
*20 Hydraulic Fracturing: Is Fracking Worth the Environmental Cost?*Don Carns Jr., Shale Drilling Is a Disaster Waiting to Happen"*Scott Cline,Unfounded Fears about Shale Gas Obscure Facts*Aubrey K. McClendon, Is Hydraulic Fracturing Good for the Economy? Pro*Jane M. Barth, Is Hydraulic Fracturing Good for the Economy? Co
21 Drugs: Should Their Sale and Use Be Legalized? William J. Bennett, Drug Policy and the Intellectuals James Q. Wilson, Against the Legalization of Drugs Milton Friedman, There’s No Justice in the War on Drugs Elliot Currie, Toward a Policy on Drugs
*22 Junk Food: Should the Government Regulate Our Intake?*Anonymous Editorial, A Ban Too Far*Letters of Response by Gary Taustine and Brian Elbel*Pictorial Advertisement, The Nanny*Daniel E. Lieberman, Evolution’s Sweet Tooth*Mark Bittman, Bad Food? Tax It, and Subsidize Vegetables*Letters of Response by David Brown; Tony, Chicago; Sally, Greenwich Village
*23 Facebook: How Has Social Networking Changed How We Relate to Others?*Lauren Tarshis, Is Facebook Making You Mean?*Steven Levy, Facebook Reset*Jenna Wortham, It’s Not About You, Facebook. It’s About Us*Stephen Marche, Is Facebook Making Us Lonely?*Josh Rose, How Social Media Is Having a Positive Impact On Our Culture
24 Immigration: What Is To Be Done? David Cole, Five Myths about Immigration
Barry R. Chiswick, The Worker Next DoorJohn Tierney, Angels in AmericaVictor David Hanson, Our Brave New World of ImmigrationCardinal Roger Mahony, Called by God to Help
25 Service: A Duty? A Benefit? Or Both, or Perhaps Neither?Barack Obama, Commencement AddressPeter Levine, The Case for "Service"*Thomas E. RicksDave Eggers, Serve or Fail
Part SixEnduring Questions: Essays, A Story, Poems, and a Play26 What Is the Ideal Society? Thomas More, From Utopia Niccolo Machiavelli, From The Prince Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions Martin Luther King Jr., I Have a Dream W. H. Auden, The Unknown Citizen Langston Hughes, Let America Be America Again Ursula K. Le Guin, The Ones Who Walk Away from OmelasHelen Prejean, Executions are Too Costly, Morally
27 How Free Is the Will of the Individual within Society? Thoughts about Free WillPlato, Crito George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant Walter T. Stace, Is Determinism Inconsistent with Free Will? Martin Luther King Jr., Letter from Birmingham Jail Stanley Milgram, The Perils of Obedience Peter Cave, Man or Sheep?Thomas Hardy, The Man He Killed T. S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Susan Glaspell, Trifles Mitsuye Yamada, To the Lady
28 What Is Happiness? Thoughts about Happiness, Ancient and ModernDaniel Gilbert, Does Fatherhood Make You Happy?Henry David Thoreau, Selections from WaldenDarrin M. McMahon, In Pursuit of Unhappiness Epictetus, from The Handbook Bertrand Russell, The Happy Life The Dalai Lama and Howard C. Cutler, Inner Contentment C. S. Lewis, We have No "Right to Happiness"Danielle Crittenden, About Love Judy Brady, I Want a Wif Index of Authors and TitlesIndex of Terms
*new to this edition
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