Drawing as Expression: Technique and Concepts,9780131940055

Drawing as Expression: Technique and Concepts

by
Edition: 2nd
ISBN13: 9780131940055
ISBN10: 0131940058
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2006-08-07
Publisher(s): Pearson
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Summary

Benefiting all visual artists regardless of their level of expertise, this instructional guide to drawing covers all aspects of the craftfrom basic skills and formal elements to introductory figure drawing and the advanced concepts of contemporary drawingshowing users how to combine their critical thinking skills with intuition and technical knowledge to create a visual language through drawing.Covers key drawing techniques, the function of drawing, and the concepts associated with good drawing. Offers a brief history of drawing, and follows with complete chapters on drawing media, the formal elements, line, value, perspective, color, texture, composition (space, plane & shape), cross-hatching and drapery, portrait, figure drawing, landscape.For all visual artists.

Table of Contents

Drawing from the Beginning
1(17)
Drawing Today
8(2)
What Is Looking and What Is Seeing in Drawing Today
10(3)
The Possibilities of Drawing Today
13(5)
Profile of an Artist: Kathe Kollwitz
15(1)
Strategies for Learning to See
16(1)
Journal Focus
17(1)
Gesture Drawing
18(17)
Developing Visual Awareness
18(1)
Techniques for Gesture Drawing
18(5)
Profile of an Artist: Willem De Kooning, A Modern Master
20(3)
Composing Drawings with Gesture
23(1)
Drawing Exercise 2.1: Testing Visual Memory
24(1)
Time Required to Make a Gesture Drawing
24(1)
Mass Gesture Drawings
24(2)
Drawing Exercise 2.2: Creating the Mass Gesture Drawing
26(1)
Mass to Line Gesture Drawing
26(1)
Mass Gesture and Value Change
26(1)
Drawing Exercise 2.3: Value and Mass Gesture Drawing
26(1)
Sustained Gesture Drawing
27(1)
Organizational Line Drawing
28(1)
Drawing Exercise 2.4: Sustained Gesture Drawing
29(1)
Creating Space in Gesture Drawings
29(1)
Drawing Exercise 2.5: Gesture Drawing in Landscape
30(1)
Gesture and Text
30(5)
Drawing Exercise 2.6: Gesture and Text
31(1)
Strategies for Gesture Drawing
32(1)
Art Critique: Eugenio Lucas and Cy Twombly
33(1)
Journal Focus
34(1)
Line
35(23)
Contour Line Drawing
35(2)
Line Tone and Quality
37(1)
Contour and Gesture with Value
38(1)
Drawing Exercise 3.1: Loose Contour and Value Exercise
38(1)
Wrapped Line Drawing
39(1)
Scribbled Line Drawing
40(1)
Rhythm Drawing
40(1)
Drawing Exercise 3.2: A Rhythm Drawing
41(1)
Continuous-Line Drawing
41(3)
Drawing Exercise 3.3: Continuous-Line in Still Life
42(2)
Cross-Contour Line Drawing
44(1)
Drawing Exercise 3.4: Cross-Contour Drawing
44(1)
Organizational Line Drawing
44(2)
Drawing Exercise 3.5: An Organizational Line Drawing
46(1)
Calligraphic and Expressive Line Drawing
46(2)
Blind Contour Drawing
48(5)
Profile of an Artist: Honore Daumier (1809--1879)
51(2)
Implied Line Drawing
53(5)
Strategies for Line Drawing
55(1)
Art Critique: Darraugh and Rivers
55(2)
Journal Focus
57(1)
Value: The Importance of Light and Dark
58(39)
Four Divisions of Light
59(1)
Light to Dark
60(3)
Chiaroscuro
63(1)
The Value Scale
64(1)
Drawing Exercise 4.1: Making a Value Scale
64(1)
Using Chiaroscuro in Drawing
64(3)
Drawing Exercise 4.2: Light and Dark
66(1)
Planar Analysis
67(2)
Use of Light with Planar Analysis
69(3)
Drawing Exercise 4.3: Planar Approach to Still Life
70(2)
Applying the Qualities of Light to a Drawing: The Artist Controls the Light
72(2)
Drawing Exercise 4.4: A Tonal Analysis
73(1)
Cross-hatching: Pencil Drawing and Value
74(2)
Hatching and Drapery
76(1)
Drawing Exercise 4.5: Hatching
76(1)
Rubbed and Erased Pencil Drawing
77(1)
Drawing Exercise 4.6: Creating a Rubbed and Erased Drawing
78(1)
Conte and Value
78(4)
Profile of an Artist: Rembrandt Van Rijn (1606-1669)
80(2)
Reversed Charcoal Drawing
82(2)
Drawing Exercise 4.7: Reversed Charcoal
82(2)
Wet Charcoal Drawing
84(1)
Drawing Exercise 4.8: Wet Charcoal
84(1)
Layering Value to Create Weight
85(1)
Drawing Exercise 4.9: Layering
85(1)
Ink Drawing: The Brush
86(2)
Pen and Ink Wash Drawing
88(4)
Drawing Exercise 4.10: Ink Wash and Layering
89(1)
Profile of an Artist: Auguste Rodin (1840--1917)
90(2)
The Expressive Use of Value
92(5)
Strategies for Using Value in Drawings
94(1)
Art Critique: Diebenkorn and Degas
94(1)
Journal Focus
95(2)
Perspective
97(32)
Linear Perspective
97(1)
Empirical Perspective
97(2)
Seeing in Perspective
99(1)
Elements of Perspective
100(1)
Cone of Vision
100(1)
Picture Plane
101(1)
Horizon
101(1)
Baseline
101(1)
Vanishing Point and the Focal Point
102(1)
Drawing Exercise 5.1: Drawing in Perspective
102(1)
Ground Plane
102(1)
Drawing Exercise 5.2: Studying Relationships in a Still Life
102(1)
Parallel Baselines
103(1)
One-Point Perspective
104(2)
Drawing Exercise 5.3: Drawing Front to Back in Perspective
106(1)
Sighting
106(1)
Two-Point Perspective
107(2)
Inclined Planes
109(1)
Perspective Grid
110(2)
Determining Spacing with Repeated Intervals
112(2)
Drawing Exercise 5.4: Constructing Forms in Space with the Grid
113(1)
Figures in Perspective
114(1)
Drawing Exercise 5.5: Drawing in Proportion
115(1)
Contemporary Interior Drawing
115(1)
Expression and Perspective
116(1)
Foreshortening
116(2)
Drawing Exercise 5.6: Challenging Perspective
118(1)
Three-Point Perspective
118(1)
Drawing Exercise 5.7: Three-Point Perspective
118(1)
Circles
118(2)
Common Errors in Drawing Circles in Perspective
120(2)
Drawing Exercise 5.8: Ellipse Practice
120(1)
Drawing Exercise 5.9: A Circle in Perspective
120(1)
Drawing Exercise 5.10: Analyze Cylinders
120(1)
Drawing Exercise 5.11: Deconstruct a Machine
121(1)
Aerial Perspective
122(1)
Atmospheric Perspective
123(1)
Shadows
124(1)
Drawing Exercise 5.12: Studying Light Changes
125(1)
Landscape Light and Shadow
125(4)
Strategies for Perspective Drawing
126(1)
Art Critique: Edward Buscha and Christo
126(2)
Journal Focus
128(1)
Texture and Pattern
129(18)
Rubbing and Rendering
130(1)
Invented Texture
130(1)
Line
131(1)
Stippling
132(1)
Drawing Exercise 6.1: Interpreting Form in Marks
132(1)
Hatching
132(1)
Trompe L'oeil and Actual Texture
133(3)
Drawing Exercise 6.2: Mixed Media
134(1)
Profile of an Artist: Maria Sibylla Merian
135(1)
Visual Texture
136(1)
Drawing Exercise 6.3: Creating Texture and Pattern
137(1)
Surface Textures and Expression: Simulated Textures
137(1)
Space and Texture
138(2)
Drawing Exercise 6.4: Scribble Line Landscape
139(1)
Pattern
140(1)
Ambiguous Patterns
140(7)
Drawing Exercise 6.5: Ambiguous Pattern
142(1)
Profile of an Artist: Vincent Van Gogh (1853--1890)
142(2)
Strategies for Texture Drawings
144(1)
Art Critique: Terry Winters and Richard Serra
144(2)
Journal Focus
146(1)
Composition
147(33)
Space
147(3)
Profile of an Artist: Alberto Giacometti (1901--1966)
149(1)
Learning to See Space
150(2)
Drawing Exercise 7.1: Drawing a Spatial Analysis
152(1)
Positive and Negative Space
152(3)
Drawing Exercise 7.2: Negative Space
154(1)
Figure-Ground Relationships
155(1)
Placement in the Picture Plane
155(3)
Drawing Exercise 7.3: The Odd-Shaped Picture Plane
158(1)
Shape
158(2)
Drawing Exercise 7.4: Shapes
160(1)
Abstract Shapes
160(1)
Ambiguous Space
161(1)
Drawing Exercise 7.5: Continuous Line
162(1)
Ambiguous Relationships
162(2)
Drawing Exercises 7.6: Photo Transfer Drawings
164(1)
Contemporary Composition
164(1)
The Contemporary Application of Rhythm and Repetition
165(1)
Balance in Composition
166(2)
Drawing Exercise 7.7: Using Balance
167(1)
Revising a Drawing
168(1)
Structural and Planar Considerations in Composition
169(3)
Drawing Exercise 7.8: Planar Analysis and Memory
171(1)
Organizing the Composition with the Grid
172(8)
Drawing Exercise 7.9: Drawing in Layers
174(1)
Profile of an Artist: Richard Diebenkorn (1922--1993)
174(3)
Strategies for Composition
177(1)
Art Critique: Kiki Smith and William Kentridge
177(2)
Journal Focus
179(1)
The Portrait, the Figure, and Drapery
180(28)
The Portrait
180(1)
Planar Analysis of the Head
181(2)
Drawing Exercise 8.1: Analyzing Planes in a Self-Portrait
182(1)
Proportions of the Face and Head
183(2)
Facial Features
185(1)
Drawing Exercise 8.2: Studying the Facial Features
186(1)
Self-Portrait
186(3)
Profile of an Artist: Marie-Louise-Elisabeth Vigee-LeBrun (1755--1842)
188(1)
Expressive Portraits
189(2)
Drawing Exercise 8.3: Photo Realism and the Grid Transfer
190(1)
Photographic Realism
191(2)
Profile of an Artist: Elaine De Kooning (1918-1989)
192(1)
Figure Drawing
193(1)
Beginning Figure Studies
194(1)
Gesture in Figure Drawing
194
Drawing The Skull
182(13)
The Figure as a Cylinder
195(1)
Drawing Exercise 8.4: The Figure as Connected Cylinders
196(1)
Light and Planar Analysis of the Figure
196(1)
Drawing Exercise 8.5: Rubbed and Erased Values in Planar Analysis
197(1)
Foreshortening
197(1)
Drawing the Figure in Proportion
198(2)
Drawing Exercise 8.6: Copying a Master Drawing
199(1)
Drawing Exercise 8.7: Drawing The Nude Model
199(1)
Placing the Figure in Space
200(2)
Profile of An Artist: Jean-Antoine Watteau (1684--1721)
201(1)
Drawing Drapery
202(6)
Drawing Exercise 8.8: The Clothed Figure
203(1)
Strategies for Portrait, Figure, and Drapery Drawing
204(1)
Art Critique: Mary Cassatt and Willem de Kooning
204(3)
Journal Focus
207(1)
Landscape
208(18)
Landscape, Wash, and Watercolor
208(4)
Profile of an Artist: John Constable (1776--1837)
210(2)
Working Outdoors
212(1)
Drawing Exercise 9.1: Composing Real Space
212(1)
Pictorial Elements in Landscape
212(2)
Composition
214(1)
Value
215(1)
Drawing Exercise 9.2: Working (en Plein Air) in the Open Air
215(1)
Texture and Pattern
215(1)
Drawing Exercise 9.3: Pointillism
215(1)
Drawing from the Imagination
216(1)
Seascape
216(3)
Drawing Exercise 9.4: Drawing Reflections
218(1)
Drawing Exercise 9.5: Drawing Water
219(1)
Cityscape and Industrial Landscape
219(1)
Expression and Abstraction in Landscape
220(1)
A Contemporary Approach to Landscape
221(5)
Strategies for Landscape Drawing
223(1)
Art Critique: Vija Celmins and Christo
223(2)
Journal Focus
225(1)
Color and Modern Art
226(20)
Seeing in Color
226(2)
The Basic Color Vocabulary
228(1)
Drawing Exercise 10.1 Gradations of Color Intensities
229(1)
Color Harmonies
229(3)
Drawing Exercise 10.2: Triad Harmony and Simultaneous Color Contrast
230(1)
Color in Contemporary Art
231(1)
Cezanne's Planes of Color
232(4)
Profile of an Artist: Pat Passlof (1928--)
234(2)
Innovations in Color
236(4)
Color Goes Primitive
240(1)
Color Drawing and Printmaking
241(5)
Drawing Exercise 10.3: Multiple Perspectives
242(1)
Strategies for Drawing in Color
242(1)
Art Critique: Kevin Appel and Shahzia Sikander
242(3)
Journal Focus
245(1)
Modern to Contemporary Drawing
246(32)
Cubism and Surrealism
246(6)
Drawing Exercise 11.1: Cubist Drawing
248(1)
Profile of an Artist: Arshile Gorky (1904--1948)
249(3)
The New York School: Abstract Expressionism
252(3)
Drawing Exercise 11.2: The Process as the Art
254(1)
Pop Art
255(3)
Parody
258(2)
Drawing Exercise 11.3: Drawing from Culture
260(1)
Minimalism
260(3)
Serial Imagery and Process Art
263(1)
Earthworks and Site-Specific Art
264(4)
Drawing Exercise 11.4: Drawing with Black
267(1)
Postmodernism
268(1)
Funk
269(3)
Drawing Exercise 11.5: Shaped Picture Planes and Repetition
270(1)
Profile of Artists: Goat Island, (1987--2005)
270(2)
Conceptual Art and Installation
272(6)
Strategies for Critiquing and Thinking about Contemporary Drawing
274(2)
Art Critique: Robert Moskowitz and Brice Marden
276(1)
Journal Focus
277(1)
Media
278(13)
Drawing Tools
279(1)
Dry Media
280(1)
Charcoal
280(1)
Drawing Exercise 12.1: Using Wet Charcoal
280(1)
Drawing Exercise 12.2: Experimenting with Charcoal
280(1)
Conte
281(1)
Graphite Drawing Pencils
282(2)
Drawing Exercise 12.3: Practicing Using Pencils
282(2)
Silverpoint
284(1)
Colored Pencils, Chalk Pastels, and Oil Sticks
285(2)
Wet Media
287(1)
Pen, Brush, and Ink
287(1)
Ballpoint, Felt Tip, and Roller Ball Pens
288(1)
Drawing Papers
288(1)
Paper Types
288(1)
Newsprint
288(1)
White Drawing Paper, or Bond Paper
288(1)
Rag Paper
289(1)
Charcoal Paper
289(1)
Rice Paper
289(1)
Watercolor Papers
289(1)
Paper for Class Work
289(1)
Bristol Board
289(1)
Illustration Board
289(1)
Other Drawing Tools
290(1)
Erasers
290(1)
Spray-Fix
290(1)
Index 291

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