Introductory Circuit Analysis

by Boylestad, Robert L.

Edition: 11th

ISBN13: 9780131730441

ISBN10: 0131730444

Format: Hardcover

Pub. Date: 2010-01-01

Publisher(s): Pearson College Div

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Summary

THEmost widely acclaimed introduction to circuit analysis for more than three decades. Features exceptionally clear explanations and descriptions, step-by-step examples, more than 50 practical applications, over 2000 easy-to-challenging practice problems, and comprehensive coverage of essentials. PSpice, OrCAd version 9.2 Lite Edition, Multisims 2001 version of Electronics Workbench, and MathCad software references and examples are used throughout. Computer programs (C++, BASIC and PSpice) are printed in color, as they run, at the point in the book where they are discussed. Current and Voltage. Resistance. Ohm's Law, Power, and Energy. Series Circuits. Parallel Circuits. Series-Parallel Networks. Methods of Analysis & Selected Topics. Network Theorems. Capacitors. Magnetic Circuits. Inductors. Sinusodial Alternating Waveforms. The Basic Elements and Phasors. Series and Parallel ac Circuits. Series-Parallel ac Networks. Methods of Analysis and Related Topics. Network Theorems (ac). Power (ac). Resonance. Transformers. Polyphase Systems. Decibels, Filters, and Bode Points. Pulse Waveforms and the R-C Response. Nonsinusodial Circuits. System Analysis: An Introduction. For those working in electronic technology.

Introduction

(32)

The Electrical/Electronics Industry

(1)

A Brief History

(5)

Units of Measurement

(1)

Systems of Units

(3)

Significant Figures, Accuracy, and Rounding Off

(1)

Powers of Ten

(4)

Fixed-Point, Floating-Point, Scientific, and Engineering Notation

(2)

Conversion between Levels of Powers of Ten

(1)

Conversion within and between Systems of Units

(3)

Symbols

(1)

Conversion Tables

(1)

Calculators

(3)

Computer Analysis

(7)

Voltage and Current

(30)

Introduction

(1)

Atoms and Their Structure

(2)

Voltage

(3)

Current

(3)

Voltage Sources

(7)

Ampere-Hour Rating

(1)

Battery Life Factors

(2)

Conductors and Insulators

(1)

Semiconductors

(1)

Ammeters and Voltmeters

(1)

Applications

(5)

Computer Analysis

(4)

Resistance

(38)

Introduction

(1)

Resistance: Circular Wires

(3)

Wire Tables

(2)

Resistance: Metric Units

(2)

Temperature Effects

(4)

Superconductors

(3)

Types of Resistors

(4)

Color Coding and Standard Resistor Values

(4)

Conductance

(1)

Ohmmeters

(1)

Thermistors

(1)

Photoconductive Cell

(1)

Varistors

(1)

Applications

(5)

Mathcad

(6)

Ohm's Law, Power, and Energy

101

(30)

Introduction

101

(1)

Ohm's Law

101

(3)

Plotting Ohm's Law

104

(2)

Power

106

(2)

Energy

108

(4)

Efficiency

112

(3)

Circuit Breakers, GFCIs, and Fuses

115

(1)

Applications

116

(4)

Computer Analysis

120

(11)

Series dc Circuits

131

(54)

Introduction

131

(1)

Series Resistors

132

(2)

Series Circuits

134

(6)

Power Distribution in a Series Circuit

140

(1)

Voltage Sources in Series

141

(2)

Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

143

(4)

Voltage Division in a Series Circuit

147

(4)

Interchanging Series Elements

151

(1)

Notation

151

(5)

Voltage Regulation and the Internal Resistance of Voltage Sources

156

(5)

Loading Effects of Instruments

161

(1)

Protoboards (Breadboards)

162

(2)

Applications

164

(4)

Computer Analysis

168

(17)

Parallel dc Circuits

185

(58)

Introduction

185

(1)

Parallel Resistors

185

(10)

Parallel Circuits

195

(6)

Power Distribution in a Parallel Circuit

201

(2)

Kirchhoff's Current Law

203

(5)

Current Divider Rule

208

(5)

Voltage Sources in Parallel

213

(1)

Open and Short Circuits

214

(4)

Voltmeter Loading Effects

218

(2)

Summary Table

220

(1)

Troubleshooting Techniques

221

(1)

Protoboards (Breadboards)

222

(1)

Applications

223

(5)

Computer Analysis

228

(15)

Series-Parallel Circuits

243

(40)

Introduction

243

(1)

Series-Parallel Networks

243

(1)

Reduce and Return Approach

244

(4)

Block Diagram Approach

248

(3)

Descriptive Examples

251

(7)

Ladder Networks

258

(3)

Voltage Divider Supply (Unloaded and Loaded)

261

(3)

Potentiometer Loading

264

(2)

Ammeter, Voltmeter, and Ohmmeter Design

266

(3)

Applications

269

(4)

Computer Analysis

273

(10)

Methods of Analysis and Selected Topics (dc)

283

(62)

Introduction

283

(1)

Current Sources

283

(2)

Source Conversions

285

(2)

Current Sources in Parallel

287

(2)

Current Sources in Series

289

(1)

Branch-Current Analysis

289

(6)

Mesh Analysis (General Approach)

295

(6)

Mesh Analysis (Format Approach)

301

(5)

Nodal Analysis (General Approach)

306

(7)

Nodal Analysis (Format Approach)

313

(5)

Bridge Networks

318

(3)

Y-Δ (T-π) and Δ-Y (π-T) Conversions

321

(6)

Applications

327

(5)

Computer Analysis

332

(13)

Network Theorems

345

(52)

Introduction

345

(1)

Superposition Theorem

345

(8)

Thevenin's Theorem

353

(10)

Norton's Theorem

363

(4)

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

367

(9)

Millman's Theorem

376

(3)

Substitution Theorem

379

(2)

Reciprocity Theorem

381

(1)

Computer Analysis

382

(15)

Capacitors

397

(64)

Introduction

397

(1)

The Electric Field

397

(2)

Capacitance

399

(4)

Capacitors

403

(12)

Transients in Capacitive Networks: The Charging Phase

415

(7)

Transients in Capacitive Networks: The Discharging Phase

422

(7)

Initial Conditions

429

(2)

Instantaneous Values

431

(2)

Thevenin Equivalent: τ = RThC

433

(3)

The Current iC

436

(2)

Capacitors in Series and in Parallel

438

(4)

Energy Stored by a Capacitor

442

(1)

Stray Capacitances

442

(1)

Applications

443

(6)

Computer Analysis

449

(12)

Inductors

461

(52)

Introduction

461

(1)

Magnetic Field

461

(5)

Inductance

466

(6)

Induced Voltage υL

472

(2)

R-L Transients: The Storage Phase

474

(3)

Initial Conditions

477

(2)

R-L Transients: The Release Phase

479

(5)

Thevenin Equivalent: τ = L/RTh

484

(3)

Instantaneous Values

487

(1)

Average Induced Voltage: υLav

487

(2)

Inductors in Series and in Parallel

489

(1)

Steady-State Conditions

490

(2)

Energy Stored by an Inductor

492

(1)

Applications

493

(6)

Computer Analysis

499

(14)

Magnetic Circuits

513

(26)

Introduction

513

(1)

Magnetic Field

513

(1)

Reluctance

514

(1)

Ohm's Law for Magnetic Circuits

514

(1)

Magnetizing Force

515

(1)

Hysteresis

516

(4)

Ampere's Circuital Law

520

(1)

Flux Φ

521

(1)

Series Magnetic Circuits: Determining NI

521

(4)

Air Gaps

525

(2)

Series-Parallel Magnetic Circuits

527

(2)

Determining Φ

529

(2)

Applications

531

(8)

Sinusoidal Alternating Waveforms

539

(48)

Introduction

539

(1)

Sinusoidal ac Voltage Characteristics and Definitions

540

(3)

Frequency Spectrum

543

(3)

The Sinusoidal Waveform

546

(5)

General Format for the Sinusoidal Voltage or Current

551

(3)

Phase Relations

554

(5)

Average Value

559

(7)

Effective (rms) Values

566

(5)

ac Meters and Instruments

571

(4)

Applications

575

(2)

Computer Analysis

577

(10)

The Basic Elements and Phasors

587

(50)

Introduction

587

(1)

Derivative

587

(2)

Response of Basic R, L, and C Elements to a Sinusoidal Voltage or Current

589

(8)

Frequency Response of the Basic Elements

597

(6)

Average Power and Power Factor

603

(5)

Complex Numbers

608

(1)

Rectangular Form

609

(1)

Polar Form

609

(1)

Conversion between Forms

610

(2)

Mathematical Operations with Complex Numbers

612

(6)

Calculator and Computer Methods with Complex Numbers

618

(5)

Phasors

623

(5)

Computer Analysis

628

(9)

Series and Parallel ac Circuits

637

(76)

Introduction

637

(1)

Impedance and the Phasor Diagram

637

(6)

Series Configuration

643

(7)

Voltage Divider Rule

650

(3)

Frequency Response for Series ac Circuits

653

(10)

Summary: Series ac Circuits

663

(1)

Admittance and Susceptance

663

(5)

Parallel ac Networks

668

(7)

Current Divider Rule

675

(1)

Frequency Response of Parallel Elements

675

(7)

Summary: Parallel ac Networks

682

(1)

Equivalent Circuits

682

(5)

Phase Measurements

687

(4)

Applications

691

(6)

Computer Analysis

697

(16)

Series-Parallel ac Networks

713

(30)

Introduction

713

(1)

Illustrative Examples

713

(11)

Ladder Networks

724

(1)

Grounding

725

(3)

Applications

728

(2)

Computer Analysis

730

(13)

Methods of Analysis and Selected Topics (ac)

743

(44)

Introduction

743

(1)

Independent versus Dependent (Controlled) Sources

743

(1)

Source Conversions

744

(3)

Mesh Analysis

747

(7)

Nodal Analysis

754

(10)

Bridge Networks (ac)

764

(5)

Δ-Y, Y-Δ Conversions

769

(5)

Computer Analysis

774

(13)

Network Theorems (ac)

787

(48)

Introduction

787

(1)

Superposition Theorem

787

(7)

Thevenin's Theorem

794

(12)

Norton's Theorem

806

(6)

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

812

(4)

Substitution, Reciprocity, and Millman's Theorems

816

(1)

Application

816

(4)

Computer Analysis

820

(15)

Power (ac)

835

(36)

Introduction

835

(1)

General Equation

835

(1)

Resistive Circuit

836

(2)

Apparent Power

838

(2)

Inductive Circuit and Reactive Power

840

(3)

Capacitive Circuit

843

(2)

The Power Triangle

845

(2)

The Total P, Q, and S

847

(4)

Power-Factor Correction

851

(4)

Power Meters

855

(1)

Effective Resistance

856

(3)

Applications

859

(2)

Computer Analysis

861

(10)

Resonance

871

(46)

Introduction

871

(1)

Series Resonant Circuit

872

(2)

The Quality Factor (Q)

874

(2)

ZT versus Frequency

876

(2)

Selectivity

878

(2)

VR, VL and VC

880

(2)

Examples (Series Resonance)

882

(3)

Parallel Resonant Circuit

885

(3)

Selectivity Curve for Parallel Resonant Circuits

888

(3)

Effect of Qi ≥ 10

891

(4)

Summary Table

895

(1)

Examples (Parallel Resonance)

896

(6)

Applications

902

(3)

Computer Analysis

905

(12)

Decibels, Filters, and Bode Plots

917

(72)

Logarithms

917

(3)

Properties of Logarithms

920

(1)

Decibels

921

(5)

Filters

926

(2)

R-C Low-Pass Filter

928

(4)

R-C High-Pass Filter

932

(4)

Pass-Band Filters

936

(4)

Stop-Band Filters

940

(2)

Double-Tuned Filter

942

(1)

Bode Plots

943

(8)

Sketching the Bode Response

951

(5)

Low-Pass Filter with Limited Attenuation

956

(4)

High-Pass Filter with Limited Attenuation

960

(5)

Additional Properties of Bode Plots

965

(7)

Crossover Networks

972

(1)

Applications

973

(6)

Computer Analysis

979

(10)

Transformers

989

(40)

Introduction

989

(1)

Mutual Inductance

989

(3)

The Iron-Core Transformer

992

(4)

Reflected Impedance and Power

996

(2)

Impedance Matching, Isolation, and Displacement

998

(4)

Equivalent Circuit (Iron-Core Transformer)

1002

(3)

Frequency Considerations

1005

(1)

Series Connection of Mutually Coupled Coils

1006

(3)

Air-Core Transformer

1009

(3)

Nameplate Data

1012

(1)

Types of Transformers

1013

(2)

Tapped and Multiple-Load Transformers

1015

(1)

Networks with Magnetically Coupled Coils

1016

(1)

Applications

1017

(4)

Computer Analysis

1021

(8)

Polyphase Systems

1029

(38)

Introduction

1029

(1)

Three-Phase Generator

1030

(1)

Y-Connected Generator

1031

(2)

Phase Sequence (Y-Connected Generator)

1033

(2)

Y-Connected Generator with a Y-Connected Load

1035

(2)

Y-Δ System

1037

(2)

Δ-Connected Generator

1039

(1)

Phase Sequence (Δ-Connected Generator)

1040

(1)

Δ-Δ, Δ-Y Three-Phase Systems

1040

(2)

Power

1042

(6)

Three-Wattmeter Method

1048

(1)

Two-Wattmeter Method

1049

(3)

Unbalanced, Three-Phase, Four-Wire, Y-Connected Load

1052

(2)

Unbalanced, Three-Phase, Three-Wire, Y-Connected Load

1054

(13)

Pulse Waveforms and the R-C Response

1067

(28)

Introduction

1067

(1)

Ideal versus Actual

1067

(4)

Pulse Repetition Rate and Duty Cycle

1071

(3)

Average Value

1074

(1)

Transient R-C Networks

1075

(2)

R-C Response to Square-Wave Inputs

1077

(7)

Oscilloscope Attenuator and Compensating Probe

1084

(1)

Application

1085

(3)

Computer Analysis

1088

(7)

Nonsinusoidal Circuits

1095

(54)

Introduction

1095

(1)

Fourier Series

1096

(9)

Circuit Response to a Nonsinusoidal Input

1105

(6)

Addition and Subtraction of Nonsinusoidal Waveforms

1111

(1)

Computer Analysis

1112

(8)

Appendixes

Appendix A. Conversion Factors

1120

(3)

Appendix B. T1-86 Calculator

1123

(3)

Appendix C. PSpice, Multisim, and Mathcad

1126

(2)

Appendix D. Determinants

1128

(8)

Appendix E. Greek Alphabet

1136

(1)

Appendix F. Magnetic Parameter Conversions

1137

(1)

Appendix G. Maximum Power Transfer Conditions

1138

(2)

Appendix H. Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Problems

1140

(9)

Index

1149

Introductory Circuit Analysis

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