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Summary

This title demystifies the topic for investors, business executives, and anyone interested in how molecule-sized machines and processes can transform our lives. Along with dispelling common myths, it covers nanotechnology's origins, how it will affect various industries, and the limitations it can overcome. This handy book also presents numerous applications such as scratch-proof glass, corrosion resistant paints, stain-free clothing, glare-reducing eyeglass coatings, drug delivery systems, medical diagnostic tools, burn and wound dressings, sugar-cube-sized computers, mini-portable power generators, even longer-lasting tennis balls, and more. Nanotechnology is the science of matter at the scale of one-billionth of a meter or 1/75,000th the size of a human hair Written in the accessible, humorous For Dummies style, this book demystifies nanotechnology for investors, business people, and anyone else interested in how molecule-sized machines and processes will soon transform our lives Investment in nanotechnology is exploding, with $3.7 billion in nanotechnology R&D spending authorized by the U.S. government in 2003 and international investment reported at over $2 billion

Author Biography

Richard Booker is a doctoral student at Rice University working under Dr. Richard Smalley, discoverer of the buckyball. He was lucky enough to get an outstanding education, starting with four intense years at Boston University earning a computer-engineering degree. After college, he joined the Air Force, where he managed weapon systems and researched battlespace networks while simultaneously working on his master’s degree in computer engineering.
After four years, Captain Booker left the wild blue yonder to pursue his Ph.D. in applied physics at Rice and delve into the “new” world of nanotechnology. Rich’s next ambitious adventure will be developing the armchair quantum wire (see Chapters 4 and 5 of this book) and helping to bring other nanoapplications to market. His interests include flying, skydiving, scuba diving, music, art, movies and, in his spare time, working on being humble.

Earl Boysen is an engineer who, after 20 years in the computer-chip industry, decided to “slow down” and move to a quiet town in Washington. Earl is the co-author of Electronics For Dummies, and holds degrees in chemistry and physics. He lives in a house he designed and built himself, and keeps as busy as ever writing, acting, teaching math and science, dancing, and walking.

Table of Contents

Introduction 1(1)
Why Buy This Book?
1(1)
Why Nanotechnology?
2(1)
Foolish Assumptions
2(1)
How This Book Is Organized
3(1)
Part I: Getting Small with Nanotechnology
3(1)
Part II: Building a Better World with Nanomaterials
3(1)
Part III: Smarter Computers! Faster Internet! Cheaper Energy!
3(1)
Part IV: Living Healthier Lives
4(1)
Part V: Investing in Nanotech
4(1)
Part VI: The Part of Tens
4(1)
Icons Used in This Book
4(1)
Going Online
5(2)
Part I: Getting Small with Nanotechnology
7(56)
The Hitchhiker's Guide to Nanotechnology
9(20)
Grasping the Essence of Nanotechnology
9(12)
Finding out what it is
10(4)
Why you want nanotechnology in your life
14(2)
You say you want a revolution?
16(2)
Knowing what to expect (and not expect)
18(3)
Getting a (Small) Piece of Nanotechnology for Yourself
21(8)
The nanotech industry
22(1)
Battle of the bubbles: Nanotech versus Internet
23(2)
Caveat Emptor --- Buyer Beware
25(4)
Nano in Your Life
29(10)
Going from Lab to Factory to Home
29(4)
What's a Kevlar?
29(1)
Phase One: Research
30(2)
Things heat up
32(1)
To market, to market
32(1)
Jumping Over the Hurdles
33(1)
Looking at Ethics and Society
34(5)
Possible harm from nanomaterials
35(1)
Encountering a Nano Divide?
36(3)
Gathering the Tools of the Trade
39(24)
That Bit of Chemistry and Physics You Just Have to Know
39(12)
Molecular building blocks
40(6)
Turning on the light
46(5)
Picking Apart Objects with Spectroscopy
51(2)
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy: Feel the heat
51(1)
Raman spectroscopy: Where's the energy?
52(1)
UltraViolet-Visible spectroscopy: Who's there?
53(1)
Seeing Molecules with Microscopy
53(6)
Atomic force microscope (AFM)
54(1)
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
55(2)
Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
57(1)
The scanning tunneling microscope
57(1)
Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy (MRFM)
58(1)
Moving the World with Nanomanipulators
59(4)
What's available today
59(1)
What's down the road
60(3)
Part II: Building a Better World with Nanomaterials
63(52)
Nanomaterials Galore
65(18)
It All Starts with Carbon
65(1)
How Carbon-Based Things Relate to Nanotechnology
66(3)
Delocalizing with benzene
67(1)
Letting things slide with graphite
68(1)
Bouncing Buckyballs
69(4)
Creating buckyballs
70(1)
Using buckyballs in the real world
71(2)
Buckyballs Grow Up to Become Nanotubes
73(7)
Producing nanotubes from thin air
75(1)
Eying the structure of carbon nanotubes
76(1)
Scanning the properties of nanotubes
76(3)
Putting nanotubes to good use
79(1)
Getting Wired with Nanowires
80(3)
Growing nanowires
80(1)
Nanowires at work
81(2)
Adding Strength with Composites
83(32)
Compose This!
83(1)
Lighter, stronger, cheaper
84(1)
Interfacing the fiber with the matrix
84(1)
One Word: Plastics
84(11)
Dissipating static electricity
87(5)
Displaying images
92(3)
Lightening the Load with Nanofibers
95(9)
Nanotubes
96(1)
What a tangled web we weave
97(2)
Putting nanofibers to use: Clothes make the man
99(2)
Putting nanofibers to use: Into the wild blue yonder
101(3)
Raising the Bar with Smart Materials
104(11)
Coming back to normal
104(4)
Sensing strain
108(3)
Heal thyself
111(4)
Part III: ``Smarter'' Computers! Faster Internet! Cheaper Energy!
115(104)
Building a Better Digital Brain
117(44)
Linking the Brain with the Computer
118(1)
And Fast Is Good Because?
119(1)
End of the Transistor Road
120(16)
From FETs to SETs
122(6)
Fabricating new chips
128(8)
Does a Nano-Size Elephant Ever Forget?
136(15)
Magnetic Random-Access Memory (RAM)
136(6)
Oh, yeah. We forgot
142(9)
Quantum Leaping (Oh, Boy . . .)
151(10)
Routing Information at the Speed of Light
161(22)
Manipulating Light with Crystals
162(11)
Getting hooked on photonics
163(2)
Controlling light: Photonic band gaps
165(5)
Optical switching: Nano-defects to the rescue!
170(1)
Making the switch: Photons on a nano-highway
171(2)
Magic with Mirrors
173(10)
Light-steering: Nanotechnology at the wheel
175(4)
Mirror, mirror on the wall/Nano's the sharpest image of all
179(1)
Try looking at it through nanotechnology's eyes
180(3)
Nano-fying Electronics
183(18)
Lighting Up Tomorrow
183(4)
Making quantum leaps with quantum dots
183(2)
Getting light from nanotubes
185(2)
Sensing Your Environment
187(3)
Detecting chemicals
187(2)
Biosensors
189(1)
Mechanizing the Micro World
190(11)
Micro-electromechanical machines (MEMS)
190(2)
Building computer brains from molecules
192(1)
So, what's the problem?
193(1)
How nano can help
193(1)
Using organic molecules
194(2)
Using nanotubes and nanowires
196(1)
Do it yourself: Self-assembly
197(1)
Wire it up
198(3)
Getting Energy and a Cleaner Environment with Nanotech
201(18)
The Energy Challenge
201(1)
Using Nanotechnology to Make Solar Cells Affordable
202(2)
Solar-cell sticker shock
202(1)
The potential of nano solar cells
203(1)
How, exactly, do nano solar cells get built?
204(1)
Making Hydrogen Fuel Cells
204(6)
It's a matter of density
205(1)
Putting hydrogen into production
205(4)
Storing hydrogen
209(1)
Using Nanotechnology to Energize Batteries
210(1)
Using Nanotechnology to Reduce Energy Consumption
211(2)
Producing light with nanotechnology
211(1)
Using nanocatalysts to make chemicals
212(1)
How Nanotechnology Can Help Our Environment
213(6)
Clearing the air with nanotechnology
214(1)
Keeping water crystal-clear with nanotechnology
215(1)
Cleaner water for less money
216(3)
Part IV: Living Healthier Lives
219(60)
Diagnosing Personal Health Quickly, Easily, and Pain-Free
221(28)
Lab-on-a-Chip
222(17)
Fabrication through soft lithography
223(2)
Moving honey
225(11)
Biosensing with nanowires
236(3)
Super X-Ray Vision
239(3)
Tracers in fullerenes
240(1)
Quantum dots
240(2)
Mapping Our Genes
242(7)
Microarray
245(2)
Working on the DNA chain gang
247(2)
The Fantastic Voyage into Medical Applications
249(30)
Understanding How Pharmaceutical Companies Develop Drugs
250(1)
Delivering a New Drug the Nanotech Way
251(10)
Oil and water don't mix
252(1)
Micelles (your cells?)
253(3)
Special delivery
256(2)
Stepping it up with C60
258(3)
Cooking Cancer with Nanoshells
261(7)
Biomimetics
268(11)
Improving oxygen delivery
269(2)
Expanding an artery from the inside
271(4)
Replacing joints with better stuff
275(4)
Part V: Investing in Nanotech
279(38)
Industries Going Small
281(10)
Semiconductor Types Are Completely into Nano
281(2)
Mining the Medical Possibilities of Nanotechnology
283(1)
Making Better Materials from Tires to Clothing
284(1)
Making Nanotech Materials for Others
285(1)
Designing for Small with Software
286(1)
Testing Things
287(1)
Technology That's Changing Telecommunications
288(1)
Fueling Energy with Nano
288(1)
Making Up with Nanotechnology
289(2)
Countries Investing In a Nano Future
291(14)
Showing Nano-Initiative, U.S. Government Style
291(3)
Two National Nanotechnology groups at work
292(1)
A whole host of government agencies
293(1)
Nano in the Lab
294(2)
U.S. State and Regional Initiatives
296(2)
Euro Nano
298(2)
The European Commission
298(1)
Keeping folks informed: The Thematic Network
299(1)
Jumping on the Bandwagon: Asia
300(2)
Nano in Japan
300(1)
China goes nano
301(1)
Nano inside India
302(1)
Nano Is Going Over Big Time in Israel
302(3)
Nanotechnology Goes to School
305(12)
Harvard . . . of course
305(1)
Small as Rice
306(1)
Small Things in the Big Apple: Columbia
307(1)
``And Perhaps Cornell?''
307(2)
Nano House on the Prairie: Northwestern University
309(1)
Small Progress at Rennsselaer
310(1)
Ben Gurion University and Nano
311(1)
Made in Japan: University of Tokyo
311(1)
California (Nano) Dreaming at Berkeley
312(1)
Educating Yourself in Nano
312(2)
And a Whole Bunch More
314(3)
Part VI: The Part of Tens
317(16)
Ten (or So) Nanotech Movers and Shakers
319(8)
Richard Smalley
319(1)
Charles Lieber
320(1)
Hongjie Dai
320(1)
James Heath
321(1)
James Von Ehr II
321(1)
George Whitesides
322(1)
Paul Alivisatos
322(1)
Angela Belcher
323(1)
Visionaries: Richard Feynman and Eric Drexler
323(1)
Nanoshells: Naomi Halas and Jennifer West
324(1)
Molecular Logic: James Tour and Mark Reed
324(1)
Investors: Steve Jurvetson and Josh Wolfe
325(2)
Further Reading on the Web and in Your Library
327(6)
Web Sites
327(3)
www.nanotechnologyfordummies.com
327(1)
nanobot.blogspot.com
328(1)
www.azonano.com
328(1)
www.nano.gov
328(1)
www.forbesnanotech.com
328(1)
www.fda.gov/nanotechnology
329(1)
www.nano.org.uk
329(1)
www.foresight.org
329(1)
Other great sites
330(1)
Magazines
330(3)
Technology Review
330(1)
Small Times
331(1)
Science, Nature, and Nano Letters
331(1)
Other great magazines
331(2)
Glossary 333(10)
Index 343

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