The Scottish and French Enlightenments are arguably the two intellectual movements of the eighteenth century that were the most influential in shaping the modern age. The essays in Scotland and France in the Enlightenment explore a wide range of topics of historical relevance to eighteenth-century scholars, while engaging students with broad interdisciplinary interests in the humanities and social sciences. The ways in which Scottish philosophy influenced French painting, how the Encyclopaedia Britannica presented the French Revolution, the impact of Macpherson's Ossian on the development of French Romanticism, the moral education of children, the relation between reflection and perception in the arts and in moral life, humankind's relationship to other animals, and the links between violence and imagination, and fear and sanity, are only some of the topics covered. This challenging selection of essays comparing Scottish and French enlightenment views of natural history, jurisprudence, moral philosophy, history and art history complicates and enriches the notion of 'Enlightenment,' and will inaugurate a new field of Franco-Scottish studies.